In this article, we will explore five proven methods to enhance GNSS security, mitigating the risks associated with malicious attacks and ensuring the continued functionality of GNSS systems.

Background
Imagine driving your car in the city center, checking the navigator's screen, only to discover that it indicates you are outside the city, near the airport. This scenario exemplifies the use of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) spoofing technology, where GNSS coordinates are replaced by a stronger fake signal broadcasted from the ground, drowning out authentic satellite signals.

There are many practical applications for this focusd from car theft (there are known cases of theft of Transport International Routiers (TIRs) to interfering with the navigation of yachts and tankers. Therefore, protective systems against this type of attack began to appear. Such hacking is called “false GNSS-like signals” or “GNSS spoofing” (Fig. 1).

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