Full aarticle: https://www.ericcointernational.com/application/enhance-navigation-accuracy-advancements-in-gnss-ins-integration.html

Navigation accuracy is crucial across various sectors, including aviation, maritime, automotive, and even personal navigation. The integration of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) has significantly contributed to improving navigation accuracy, robustness, and reliability. In recent years, advancements in GNSS INS integration techniques have propelled navigation systems to new heights, offering enhanced performance even in challenging environments where GNSS signals may be obstructed or degraded.

Background of GNSS INS Integration Development
Nowadays the global satellite navigation systems (GNSS) play a fundamental role in many areas as civil aviation, maritime and land navigation or geomatics, owing to the ability to provide worldwide, tridimensional, all weather position, velocity and time synchronization. A drawback of GNSS in general is the necessity to have a good light-of-sight visibility to the satellites. Signal-degraded environments as urban areas are critical locations for satellite navigation; buildings block many of the signals, thus reducing satellite availability and weakening observation geometry, with the extreme case being solution unavailability. Buildings can also reflect the signals causing multipath phenomenon, introducing large measurement errors.

For these reasons, standalone GNSS is not adequate to guarantee a continuous and accurate navigation in urban environment.In these scenarios GNSS system must be augmented with other sensors to allow an accurate and continuous navigation. The recent enhancement of GLONASS satellite system suggests the combined use with GPS in order to increase the satellite availability, especially in places with lack of GPS signals; also GLONASS measurements are affected by blocking and multipath problems in urban areas. Inertial sensors are well suited for integration with GNSS systems owing to their complementary features.

Full aarticle: https://www.ericcointernational.com/application/enhance-navigation-accuracy-advancements-in-gnss-ins-integration.html